How to dilate and constrict your pupils: exercises, drops

Pupil dilation is a phenomenon that can occur due to pathological reasons or under the influence of medications. A similar phenomenon is characteristic of spasm of the ciliary muscle. In this case, visual acuity may be impaired.

Constriction of pupils

It doesn't matter what exactly caused the expansion. The pupil can be narrowed using ophthalmic solutions. Now let's take a closer look at how to constrict your pupils.

Why dilate your pupils?

The first question that may arise is: why enlarge the pupils of the eyes at all? There are three reasons for this:

Fundus examination. This is a diagnostic procedure that is performed in the ophthalmologist's office. But the doctor himself will enlarge the pupils for the convenience of studying the fundus using special dilating drops.
Operations on the eyes. To treat some eye diseases, preliminary dilation of the pupils is also required.
Attractive image. Wide pupils make the look more captivating.

If we are talking about enlarging pupils at home, then this is only necessary to create an attractive image. If a person has large pupils, this indicates his friendly attitude, good mood and disposition towards his partner.

What to do to make your eyes narrow: effective ways

Special exercises

Dilated pupils can be made smaller by performing certain exercises, which can be done even at home. This method of getting rid of large pupils is suitable for patients for whom drops are contraindicated. At first, the tasks may be more difficult, but with a few trainings a person will be able to learn to change the size of the visual structure in a few seconds. Eye gymnastics includes the following exercises:

Focus the gaze on a specific object that is located above the patient's head. This could be a pattern on the ceiling, a chandelier or curtains. After a few seconds, the gaze is sharply shifted downward, moving the eyes without tilting the head. Performed 10 times.
Place a watch in front of you that has an arrow and follow it for 60 seconds until the cycle is completed. They look away and try to repeat the circular movement with their visual organs, but in the opposite direction.
First, move your eyes to the right side as much as possible, then to the left, do the exercise 10 times. It is prohibited to move your head during the task.

Why do pupils constantly change in size?

To know how to dilate your pupils, you need to understand the mechanism for changing their diameter. The size of the hole in the iris is regulated by two extraocular muscles:

Radial. Responsible for widening the opening that allows light to pass through the iris;
Circular. Responsible for reducing the diameter of this hole.

Muscles are controlled by the nervous system. She usually reacts to light. In bright sunny weather, the orbicularis muscle works. It narrows the lumen in the iris, and less light reaches the retina. Necessary to prevent sunburn of photosensitive cells. If it is dark outside or indoors, then on the contrary, more clearance is needed so that more light penetrates the eye. Then the circular muscle relaxes, and the radial muscle begins to work.

This is interesting! It is precisely because of the size of the gap in the iris that a person does not see anything after entering a room from the street where the bright sun is shining. The pupils were constricted on the street, but had not yet had time to dilate. Almost no light penetrates into the hole (the illumination in the room is several times less than outside). Therefore, it seems that nothing is visible.

Medicines to dilate the pupil

The most effective means for enlarging the pupils of the eyes are eye drops belonging to the mydriatic group. Mydriatics themselves also come in two types:

Drops that cause the hole in the iris to stretch due to contraction of the radial muscle;
Drops that prevent the narrowing of the hole by relaxing the orbicularis muscle.

The most powerful drug that dilates the pupil is Atropine. However, it causes many side effects, has many contraindications and is harmful to eye health. Therefore, it is better to use less effective but safer means.

Mydriatic drops perform well:

Irifrin;
Tropicamide;
Mydriacyl.

Drops need to be instilled into the eye. Usually the dosage is indicated by the doctor, but since you decide to take the drug yourself, start with a minimum dose of 1 drop. Normally, the pupil should dilate after 9-10 minutes. If this does not happen, add 1-2 more drops. 20-40 minutes after use, the maximum expansion of the hole in the iris will be observed. The effect will last 4-5 hours, and after 6 hours the functions of the circular and radial muscles will be completely restored.

Antiallergic drops can provide a short-term increase in pupil space. They contain phenylephrine, which affects the extraocular muscles. Usually these are vasoconstrictor drops for the nose, but they can also be dripped into the eyes:

Polydex;
Vibrocil;
Nazol.

Important! Make sure that you have no contraindications for using the selected drops.

How to dilate your pupils without using drops

For any inflammatory or functional eye disease, treatment is prescribed only after an accurate diagnosis has been made. Some pathologies cannot be diagnosed without a thorough examination of the fundus.

But to carry out such a diagnosis, it is necessary to artificially dilate the pupil. To do this, drops are used to dilate the pupils (otherwise known as mydriatics). From the article you will learn what the functions of drugs that dilate the pupils are and how they are used correctly.

The article also provides an overview of commonly used drugs from the mydriatic group.

Purpose of mydriatics

The size of the pupil is regulated by two muscles of the iris:

radial – promotes pupil dilation, regulated by the sympathetic nervous system;
circular – ensures pupil constriction, regulated by the parasympathetic nervous system.

Drops that dilate the pupils are used:

in diagnostics - to study the structures of the fundus (retina, lens, blood vessels, optic nerve) in order to identify detachment, dystrophy, damage to the retina and other diseases, to accurately determine the degree of myopia/farsightedness, if necessary, determine refraction in young children for the correct selection of glasses ;
for the treatment of certain inflammatory eye diseases (iritis, iridocyclitis), amblyopia, spasm of accommodation (so-called false myopia);
during a number of surgical operations on the eyeball.

Pharmacological action and types of mydriatics

Mydriatics are classified according to their mechanism of action:

direct (Phenylephrine, Irifrin) - cause contraction of the radial muscle, accordingly the pupil dilates;
indirect (Midrum, Tropicamide, Cyclomed) - relax the orbicularis muscle, responsible for the constriction of the pupil, and the muscle that adjusts the focus of the eye, used for diagnostic and therapeutic (with accommodation spasm) purposes.

The most pronounced effects are characterized by the drugs Atropine, Scopalamine, Hyoscyamine. The drugs relax the orbicularis muscle and dilate the pupil as much as possible. Their main disadvantage is the ability to greatly increase intraocular pressure.

The duration of action of all drugs is different. Before a diagnostic examination, drops are usually used, the effect of which lasts for several hours - this is enough time to carry out the examination.

For treatment, longer-acting drugs are used, although this causes certain inconvenience to the patient - in bright artificial lighting or when in the open sun, the eyes begin to water. To treat spasm of accommodation, mydriatics are usually prescribed once a day, before bedtime.

Contraindications for use

Drops to dilate pupils are contraindicated for use when:

synechiae of the iris;
glaucoma;
individual intolerance to drug components.

These are general contraindications, but depending on the composition, each drug of the mydriatic group has an additional list of conditions and diseases for which its use is prohibited.

During pregnancy and breastfeeding, a single use of mydriatics is allowed before a diagnostic study. Systematic treatment with pupil dilators is prohibited for pregnant and lactating women. Drugs should be prescribed with caution to children and elderly people.

Creating an environment favorable for pupil dilation

How to make your look seductive, attractive and bewitching. To do this, use expressive makeup and create a favorable environment:

Remove bright lighting . It causes the circular oculomotor muscles to contract, reducing the gap in the iris. It is better if the room is twilight. Candles are suitable for a romantic date;
Focus your gaze on what pleases you . If you're on a date, look at your partner. Pleasure releases serotonin, which helps dilate the pupils;
Get excited . The largest release of serotonin into the blood occurs during sexual arousal. Therefore, the pupils will be as wide as possible.

Attention! The space in the iris also expands when drinking alcohol or taking drugs. These remedies make the “person” happy for a while, which is why the body reacts like this. But remember that we dilate our pupils to be attractive, not to alienate other people. Therefore, exclude these methods, especially since they are dangerous to health.

The power of thought

To make your pupils dilated, you can simply think about something. These methods, which are based on the power of thought, give instant results, but they last only a few minutes or even seconds:

Think about how dark it is around you. The brain will be “deceived” for a moment and the pupil will become wide;
Remember a situation in which you were very scared. It’s not for nothing that they say that “fear has big eyes.” This proverb is due to the fact that when frightened, the holes in the iris automatically expand to their maximum.
Think about something good to start releasing serotonin.

These methods are bad because they occupy our thoughts. Therefore, during a dialogue, they are unlikely to be used: after all, you cannot think about two different things at once.

Enlargement of eyes in photos in Photoshop

Author: NON. Date of publication: December 28, 2012. Category: Photo processing in Photoshop.

in the photo in Photoshop

The overall appearance of a portrait largely depends on how the model's eyes look. This Photoshop tutorial will show you a very simple way to enlarge your eyes.

models that will easily improve the appearance of portrait photography. Once you master this technique, you will automatically apply it to all your suitable images.

The lesson was made in Photoshop CS3, but can be easily repeated in almost any version of Photoshop.

Similar publications:

How to process eyes in Photoshop
Enlarging the eyes with the Plastic filter
How to change your nose in Photoshop

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Let's open the original image.

Select the Lasso Tool (L) and outline the eye and the area around it.

Apply feathering – “Select – Modify – Feather”.

In the window that appears, set the radius to about 12 pixels. If the result of the lesson does not suit you, then you will need to return to this point and change the feathering radius.

Copy the selection to a new layer - Ctrl+J. Call the “Free Transform” tool – Ctrl+T.

In the Free Transform settings panel, first of all, click on the chain icon to maintain proportions when resizing the transform frame. In the “Width” (or “Height”, there is no difference) field, set the value to 106%. This is an approximate value and was suitable for this photo. You can set the value from 102% to about 110%; more is not recommended, since the changes made will be very noticeable. Press “Enter” to apply the transformation.

Zoom in and if retouching is noticeable at the edges of the selection that you created earlier, then select the “Brush” tool (B), click on the third icon from the left in the “Layers” palette, a white layer mask will be loaded on the top layer, set a black one to the foreground color and using a soft brush, carefully remove any traces of retouching.

This is what I got after enlarging the girl's eye.

Compare the image of the girl's face before and after processing the photo in Photoshop.

We have mastered a very simple way to enlarge your eyes.

in the photo in Photoshop.

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Comments

0 Natalya 06/30/2014 14:55 Once again I express my gratitude for a very cool lesson. Everything is just super!!!